Started a cmake tutorial

.idea/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Default ignored files
+/shelf/
+/workspace.xml
+# Editor-based HTTP Client requests
+/httpRequests/
+# Datasource local storage ignored files
+/dataSources/
+/dataSources.local.xml

.idea/cmake-3.28.0-rc3-tutorial-source.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="CPP_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" />
+    <orderEntry type="inheritedJdk" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+</module>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/cmake-3.28.0-rc3-tutorial-source.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/cmake-3.28.0-rc3-tutorial-source.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

Complete/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+set(CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX d)
+
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# control where the static and shared libraries are built so that on windows
+# we don't need to tinker with the path to run the executable
+set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+
+option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build using shared libraries" ON)
+
+if(APPLE)
+  set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH "@executable_path/../lib")
+elseif(UNIX)
+  set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH "$ORIGIN/../lib")
+endif()
+
+# configure a header file to pass the version number only
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+set_target_properties(Tutorial PROPERTIES DEBUG_POSTFIX ${CMAKE_DEBUG_POSTFIX})
+
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# add the install targets
+install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
+install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
+  DESTINATION include
+  )
+
+# enable testing
+enable_testing()
+
+# does the application run
+add_test(NAME Runs COMMAND Tutorial 25)
+
+# does the usage message work?
+add_test(NAME Usage COMMAND Tutorial)
+set_tests_properties(Usage
+  PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number"
+  )
+
+# define a function to simplify adding tests
+function(do_test target arg result)
+  add_test(NAME Comp${arg} COMMAND ${target} ${arg})
+  set_tests_properties(Comp${arg}
+    PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+# do a bunch of result based tests
+do_test(Tutorial 4 "4 is 2")
+do_test(Tutorial 9 "9 is 3")
+do_test(Tutorial 5 "5 is 2.236")
+do_test(Tutorial 7 "7 is 2.645")
+do_test(Tutorial 25 "25 is 5")
+do_test(Tutorial -25 "-25 is (-nan|nan|0)")
+do_test(Tutorial 0.0001 "0.0001 is 0.01")
+
+# setup installer
+include(InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/License.txt")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR}")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR}")
+set(CPACK_SOURCE_GENERATOR "TGZ")
+include(CPack)
+
+# install the configuration targets
+install(EXPORT MathFunctionsTargets
+  FILE MathFunctionsTargets.cmake
+  DESTINATION lib/cmake/MathFunctions
+)
+
+include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
+# generate the config file that is includes the exports
+configure_package_config_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Config.cmake.in
+  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfig.cmake"
+  INSTALL_DESTINATION "lib/cmake/example"
+  NO_SET_AND_CHECK_MACRO
+  NO_CHECK_REQUIRED_COMPONENTS_MACRO
+  )
+# generate the version file for the config file
+write_basic_package_version_file(
+  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfigVersion.cmake"
+  VERSION "${Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR}.${Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR}"
+  COMPATIBILITY AnyNewerVersion
+)
+
+# install the configuration file
+install(FILES
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfig.cmake
+  DESTINATION lib/cmake/MathFunctions
+  )
+
+# generate the export targets for the build tree
+# needs to be after the install(TARGETS ) command
+export(EXPORT MathFunctionsTargets
+  FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsTargets.cmake"
+)

Complete/CTestConfig.cmake

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+set(CTEST_PROJECT_NAME "CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_NIGHTLY_START_TIME "00:00:00 EST")
+
+set(CTEST_DROP_METHOD "http")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE "my.cdash.org")
+set(CTEST_DROP_LOCATION "/submit.php?project=CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE_CDASH TRUE)

Complete/Config.cmake.in

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+
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+
+include ( "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/MathFunctionsTargets.cmake" )

Complete/License.txt

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+This is the open source License.txt file introduced in
+CMake/Tutorial/Step9...

Complete/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

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+# add the library that runs
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE
+                            $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}>
+                            $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if(USE_MYMATH)
+
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  include(MakeTable.cmake) # generates Table.h
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+              )
+
+  # state that we depend on our binary dir to find Table.h
+  target_include_directories(SqrtLibrary PRIVATE
+                             ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
+                             )
+
+  # state that SqrtLibrary need PIC when the default is shared libraries
+  set_target_properties(SqrtLibrary PROPERTIES
+                        POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}
+                        )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# define the symbol stating we are using the declspec(dllexport) when
+# building on windows
+target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "EXPORTING_MYMATH")
+
+# setup the version numbering
+set_property(TARGET MathFunctions PROPERTY VERSION "1.0.0")
+set_property(TARGET MathFunctions PROPERTY SOVERSION "1")
+
+# install libs
+set(installable_libs MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+if(TARGET SqrtLibrary)
+  list(APPEND installable_libs SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+install(TARGETS ${installable_libs}
+        EXPORT MathFunctionsTargets
+        DESTINATION lib)
+# install include headers
+install(FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)

Complete/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cmake

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+# first we add the executable that generates the table
+add_executable(MakeTable MakeTable.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(MakeTable PRIVATE tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the command to generate the source code
+add_custom_command(
+  OUTPUT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  COMMAND MakeTable ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  DEPENDS MakeTable
+  )

Complete/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cxx

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+// A simple program that builds a sqrt table
+#include <cmath>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  // make sure we have enough arguments
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  std::ofstream fout(argv[1], std::ios_base::out);
+  const bool fileOpen = fout.is_open();
+  if (fileOpen) {
+    fout << "double sqrtTable[] = {" << std::endl;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+      fout << sqrt(static_cast<double>(i)) << "," << std::endl;
+    }
+    // close the table with a zero
+    fout << "0};" << std::endl;
+    fout.close();
+  }
+  return fileOpen ? 0 : 1; // return 0 if wrote the file
+}

Complete/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

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+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Complete/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#  if defined(EXPORTING_MYMATH)
+#    define DECLSPEC __declspec(dllexport)
+#  else
+#    define DECLSPEC __declspec(dllimport)
+#  endif
+#else // non windows
+#  define DECLSPEC
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double DECLSPEC sqrt(double x);
+}

Complete/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

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+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+// include the generated table
+#include "Table.h"
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // use the table to help find an initial value
+  double result = x;
+  if (x >= 1 && x < 10) {
+    std::cout << "Use the table to help find an initial value " << std::endl;
+    result = sqrtTable[static_cast<int>(x)];
+  }
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Complete/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

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+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Complete/MultiCPackConfig.cmake

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+include("release/CPackConfig.cmake")
+
+set(CPACK_INSTALL_CMAKE_PROJECTS
+    "debug;Tutorial;ALL;/"
+    "release;Tutorial;ALL;/"
+    )

Complete/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Complete/tutorial.cxx

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+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

README.txt

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+This directory contains source code examples for the CMake Tutorial.
+Each step has its own subdirectory containing code that may be used as a
+starting point. The tutorial examples are progressive so that each step
+provides the complete solution for the previous step.

Step1/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# TODO 1: Set the minimum required version of CMake to be 3.10
+
+# TODO 2: Create a project named Tutorial
+
+# TODO 7: Set the project version number as 1.0 in the above project command
+
+# TODO 6: Set the variable CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD to 11
+#         and the variable CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED to True
+
+# TODO 8: Use configure_file to configure and copy TutorialConfig.h.in to
+#         TutorialConfig.h
+
+# TODO 3: Add an executable called Tutorial to the project
+# Hint: Be sure to specify the source file as tutorial.cxx
+
+# TODO 9: Use target_include_directories to include ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}

Step1/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+// TODO 10: Define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR and Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR

Step1/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdlib> // TODO 5: Remove this line
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+// TODO 11: Include TutorialConfig.h
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // TODO 12: Create a print statement using Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR
+    //          and Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  // TODO 4: Replace atof(argv[1]) with std::stod(argv[1])
+  const double inputValue = atof(argv[1]);
+
+  // calculate square root
+  const double outputValue = sqrt(inputValue);
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step10/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# configure a header file to pass the version number only
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# add the install targets
+install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
+install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
+  DESTINATION include
+  )
+
+# enable testing
+include(CTest)
+
+# does the application run
+add_test(NAME Runs COMMAND Tutorial 25)
+
+# does the usage message work?
+add_test(NAME Usage COMMAND Tutorial)
+set_tests_properties(Usage
+  PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number"
+  )
+
+# define a function to simplify adding tests
+function(do_test target arg result)
+  add_test(NAME Comp${arg} COMMAND ${target} ${arg})
+  set_tests_properties(Comp${arg}
+    PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+# do a bunch of result based tests
+do_test(Tutorial 4 "4 is 2")
+do_test(Tutorial 9 "9 is 3")
+do_test(Tutorial 5 "5 is 2.236")
+do_test(Tutorial 7 "7 is 2.645")
+do_test(Tutorial 25 "25 is 5")
+do_test(Tutorial -25 "-25 is (-nan|nan|0)")
+do_test(Tutorial 0.0001 "0.0001 is 0.01")
+
+# setup installer
+include(InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/License.txt")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR}")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR}")
+set(CPACK_SOURCE_GENERATOR "TGZ")
+include(CPack)

Step10/CTestConfig.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+set(CTEST_PROJECT_NAME "CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_NIGHTLY_START_TIME "00:00:00 EST")
+
+set(CTEST_DROP_METHOD "http")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE "my.cdash.org")
+set(CTEST_DROP_LOCATION "/submit.php?project=CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE_CDASH TRUE)

Step10/License.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This is the open source License.txt file introduced in
+CMake/Tutorial/Step9...

Step10/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# add the library that runs
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if(USE_MYMATH)
+
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  include(MakeTable.cmake) # generates Table.h
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+              )
+
+  # state that we depend on our binary dir to find Table.h
+  target_include_directories(SqrtLibrary PRIVATE
+                             ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
+                             )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# install libs
+set(installable_libs MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+if(TARGET SqrtLibrary)
+  list(APPEND installable_libs SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+install(TARGETS ${installable_libs} DESTINATION lib)
+# install include headers
+install(FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)

Step10/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# first we add the executable that generates the table
+add_executable(MakeTable MakeTable.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(MakeTable PRIVATE tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the command to generate the source code
+add_custom_command(
+  OUTPUT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  COMMAND MakeTable ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  DEPENDS MakeTable
+  )

Step10/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// A simple program that builds a sqrt table
+#include <cmath>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  // make sure we have enough arguments
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  std::ofstream fout(argv[1], std::ios_base::out);
+  const bool fileOpen = fout.is_open();
+  if (fileOpen) {
+    fout << "double sqrtTable[] = {" << std::endl;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+      fout << sqrt(static_cast<double>(i)) << "," << std::endl;
+    }
+    // close the table with a zero
+    fout << "0};" << std::endl;
+    fout.close();
+  }
+  return fileOpen ? 0 : 1; // return 0 if wrote the file
+}

Step10/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step10/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x);
+}

Step10/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+// include the generated table
+#include "Table.h"
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // use the table to help find an initial value
+  double result = x;
+  if (x >= 1 && x < 10) {
+    std::cout << "Use the table to help find an initial value " << std::endl;
+    result = sqrtTable[static_cast<int>(x)];
+  }
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step10/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step10/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step10/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step11/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# control where the static and shared libraries are built so that on windows
+# we don't need to tinker with the path to run the executable
+set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+
+option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build using shared libraries" ON)
+
+# configure a header file to pass the version number only
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# add the install targets
+install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
+install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
+  DESTINATION include
+  )
+
+# enable testing
+include(CTest)
+
+# does the application run
+add_test(NAME Runs COMMAND Tutorial 25)
+
+# does the usage message work?
+add_test(NAME Usage COMMAND Tutorial)
+set_tests_properties(Usage
+  PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number"
+  )
+
+# define a function to simplify adding tests
+function(do_test target arg result)
+  add_test(NAME Comp${arg} COMMAND ${target} ${arg})
+  set_tests_properties(Comp${arg}
+    PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+# do a bunch of result based tests
+do_test(Tutorial 4 "4 is 2")
+do_test(Tutorial 9 "9 is 3")
+do_test(Tutorial 5 "5 is 2.236")
+do_test(Tutorial 7 "7 is 2.645")
+do_test(Tutorial 25 "25 is 5")
+do_test(Tutorial -25 "-25 is (-nan|nan|0)")
+do_test(Tutorial 0.0001 "0.0001 is 0.01")
+
+# setup installer
+include(InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/License.txt")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR}")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR}")
+set(CPACK_SOURCE_GENERATOR "TGZ")
+include(CPack)

Step11/CTestConfig.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+set(CTEST_PROJECT_NAME "CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_NIGHTLY_START_TIME "00:00:00 EST")
+
+set(CTEST_DROP_METHOD "http")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE "my.cdash.org")
+set(CTEST_DROP_LOCATION "/submit.php?project=CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE_CDASH TRUE)

Step11/License.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This is the open source License.txt file introduced in
+CMake/Tutorial/Step9...

Step11/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# add the library that runs
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if(USE_MYMATH)
+
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  include(MakeTable.cmake) # generates Table.h
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+              )
+
+  # state that we depend on our binary dir to find Table.h
+  target_include_directories(SqrtLibrary PRIVATE
+                             ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
+                             )
+
+  # state that SqrtLibrary need PIC when the default is shared libraries
+  set_target_properties(SqrtLibrary PROPERTIES
+                        POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}
+                        )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# define the symbol stating we are using the declspec(dllexport) when
+# building on windows
+target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "EXPORTING_MYMATH")
+
+# install libs
+set(installable_libs MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+if(TARGET SqrtLibrary)
+  list(APPEND installable_libs SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+install(TARGETS ${installable_libs} DESTINATION lib)
+# install include headers
+install(FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)

Step11/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# first we add the executable that generates the table
+add_executable(MakeTable MakeTable.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(MakeTable PRIVATE tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the command to generate the source code
+add_custom_command(
+  OUTPUT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  COMMAND MakeTable ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  DEPENDS MakeTable
+  )

Step11/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// A simple program that builds a sqrt table
+#include <cmath>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  // make sure we have enough arguments
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  std::ofstream fout(argv[1], std::ios_base::out);
+  const bool fileOpen = fout.is_open();
+  if (fileOpen) {
+    fout << "double sqrtTable[] = {" << std::endl;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+      fout << sqrt(static_cast<double>(i)) << "," << std::endl;
+    }
+    // close the table with a zero
+    fout << "0};" << std::endl;
+    fout.close();
+  }
+  return fileOpen ? 0 : 1; // return 0 if wrote the file
+}

Step11/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step11/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#  if defined(EXPORTING_MYMATH)
+#    define DECLSPEC __declspec(dllexport)
+#  else
+#    define DECLSPEC __declspec(dllimport)
+#  endif
+#else // non windows
+#  define DECLSPEC
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double DECLSPEC sqrt(double x);
+}

Step11/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+// include the generated table
+#include "Table.h"
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // use the table to help find an initial value
+  double result = x;
+  if (x >= 1 && x < 10) {
+    std::cout << "Use the table to help find an initial value " << std::endl;
+    result = sqrtTable[static_cast<int>(x)];
+  }
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step11/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step11/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step11/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step12/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# control where the static and shared libraries are built so that on windows
+# we don't need to tinker with the path to run the executable
+set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}")
+
+option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build using shared libraries" ON)
+
+if(APPLE)
+  set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH "@executable_path/../lib")
+elseif(UNIX)
+  set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH "$ORIGIN/../lib")
+endif()
+
+# configure a header file to pass the version number only
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# add the install targets
+install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
+install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
+  DESTINATION include
+  )
+
+# enable testing
+enable_testing()
+
+# does the application run
+add_test(NAME Runs COMMAND Tutorial 25)
+
+# does the usage message work?
+add_test(NAME Usage COMMAND Tutorial)
+set_tests_properties(Usage
+  PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number"
+  )
+
+# define a function to simplify adding tests
+function(do_test target arg result)
+  add_test(NAME Comp${arg} COMMAND ${target} ${arg})
+  set_tests_properties(Comp${arg}
+    PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+# do a bunch of result based tests
+do_test(Tutorial 4 "4 is 2")
+do_test(Tutorial 9 "9 is 3")
+do_test(Tutorial 5 "5 is 2.236")
+do_test(Tutorial 7 "7 is 2.645")
+do_test(Tutorial 25 "25 is 5")
+do_test(Tutorial -25 "-25 is (-nan|nan|0)")
+do_test(Tutorial 0.0001 "0.0001 is 0.01")
+
+# setup installer
+include(InstallRequiredSystemLibraries)
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/License.txt")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR}")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR "${Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR}")
+include(CPack)
+
+# install the configuration targets
+install(EXPORT MathFunctionsTargets
+  FILE MathFunctionsTargets.cmake
+  DESTINATION lib/cmake/MathFunctions
+)
+
+include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
+# generate the config file that includes the exports
+configure_package_config_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Config.cmake.in
+  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfig.cmake"
+  INSTALL_DESTINATION "lib/cmake/example"
+  NO_SET_AND_CHECK_MACRO
+  NO_CHECK_REQUIRED_COMPONENTS_MACRO
+  )
+# generate the version file for the config file
+write_basic_package_version_file(
+  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfigVersion.cmake"
+  VERSION "${Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR}.${Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR}"
+  COMPATIBILITY AnyNewerVersion
+)
+
+# install the generated configuration files
+install(FILES
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfig.cmake
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsConfigVersion.cmake
+  DESTINATION lib/cmake/MathFunctions
+  )
+
+# generate the export targets for the build tree
+# needs to be after the install(TARGETS) command
+export(EXPORT MathFunctionsTargets
+  FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/MathFunctionsTargets.cmake"
+)

Step12/CTestConfig.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+set(CTEST_PROJECT_NAME "CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_NIGHTLY_START_TIME "00:00:00 EST")
+
+set(CTEST_DROP_METHOD "http")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE "my.cdash.org")
+set(CTEST_DROP_LOCATION "/submit.php?project=CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE_CDASH TRUE)

Step12/Config.cmake.in

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+
+include ( "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/MathFunctionsTargets.cmake" )

Step12/License.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This is the open source License.txt file introduced in
+CMake/Tutorial/Step9...

Step12/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# add the library that runs
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE
+                            $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}>
+                            $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if(USE_MYMATH)
+
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  include(MakeTable.cmake) # generates Table.h
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+              )
+
+  # state that we depend on our binary dir to find Table.h
+  target_include_directories(SqrtLibrary PRIVATE
+                             ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
+                             )
+
+  # state that SqrtLibrary need PIC when the default is shared libraries
+  set_target_properties(SqrtLibrary PROPERTIES
+                        POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}
+                        )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# define the symbol stating we are using the declspec(dllexport) when
+# building on windows
+target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "EXPORTING_MYMATH")
+
+# install libs
+set(installable_libs MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+if(TARGET SqrtLibrary)
+  list(APPEND installable_libs SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+install(TARGETS ${installable_libs}
+        EXPORT MathFunctionsTargets
+        DESTINATION lib)
+# install include headers
+install(FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)

Step12/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# first we add the executable that generates the table
+add_executable(MakeTable MakeTable.cxx)
+target_link_libraries(MakeTable PRIVATE tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the command to generate the source code
+add_custom_command(
+  OUTPUT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  COMMAND MakeTable ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Table.h
+  DEPENDS MakeTable
+  )

Step12/MathFunctions/MakeTable.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// A simple program that builds a sqrt table
+#include <cmath>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  // make sure we have enough arguments
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  std::ofstream fout(argv[1], std::ios_base::out);
+  const bool fileOpen = fout.is_open();
+  if (fileOpen) {
+    fout << "double sqrtTable[] = {" << std::endl;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+      fout << sqrt(static_cast<double>(i)) << "," << std::endl;
+    }
+    // close the table with a zero
+    fout << "0};" << std::endl;
+    fout.close();
+  }
+  return fileOpen ? 0 : 1; // return 0 if wrote the file
+}

Step12/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step12/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#  if defined(EXPORTING_MYMATH)
+#    define DECLSPEC __declspec(dllexport)
+#  else
+#    define DECLSPEC __declspec(dllimport)
+#  endif
+#else // non windows
+#  define DECLSPEC
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double DECLSPEC sqrt(double x);
+}

Step12/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+// include the generated table
+#include "Table.h"
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // use the table to help find an initial value
+  double result = x;
+  if (x >= 1 && x < 10) {
+    std::cout << "Use the table to help find an initial value " << std::endl;
+    result = sqrtTable[static_cast<int>(x)];
+  }
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step12/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step12/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step12/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step2/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
+
+# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
+# to the source code
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# TODO 2: Use add_subdirectory() to add MathFunctions to this project
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+
+# TODO 3: Use target_link_libraries to link the library to our executable
+
+# TODO 4: Add MathFunctions to Tutorial's target_include_directories()
+# Hint: ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} is a path to the project source. AKA This folder!
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )

Step2/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# TODO 14: Remove mysqrt.cxx from the list of sources
+
+# TODO 1: Add a library called MathFunctions with sources MathFunctions.cxx
+# and mysqrt.cxx
+# Hint: You will need the add_library command
+
+# TODO 7: Create a variable USE_MYMATH using option and set default to ON
+
+# TODO 8: If USE_MYMATH is ON, use target_compile_definitions to pass
+# USE_MYMATH as a precompiled definition to our source files
+
+# TODO 12: When USE_MYMATH is ON, add a library for SqrtLibrary with
+# source mysqrt.cxx
+
+# TODO 13: When USE_MYMATH is ON, link SqrtLibrary to the MathFunctions Library

Step2/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+// TODO 11: include cmath
+
+// TODO 10: Wrap the mysqrt include in a precompiled ifdef based on USE_MYMATH
+#include "mysqrt.h"
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+  // TODO 9: If USE_MYMATH is defined, use detail::mysqrt.
+  // Otherwise, use std::sqrt.
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+}
+}

Step2/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x);
+}

Step2/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "mysqrt.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  double result = x;
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step2/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step2/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step2/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+// TODO 5: Include MathFunctions.h
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  // TODO 6: Replace sqrt with mathfunctions::sqrt
+
+  // calculate square root
+  const double outputValue = sqrt(inputValue);
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step3/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# TODO 4: Replace the following code by:
+# * Creating an interface library called tutorial_compiler_flags
+#   Hint: use add_library() with the INTERFACE signature
+# * Add compiler feature cxx_std_11 to tutorial_compiler_flags
+#   Hint: Use target_compile_features()
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
+
+# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
+# to the source code
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# TODO 2: Remove EXTRA_INCLUDES list
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+list(APPEND EXTRA_INCLUDES "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/MathFunctions")
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+
+# TODO 5: Link Tutorial to tutorial_compiler_flags
+
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions)
+
+# TODO 3: Remove use of EXTRA_INCLUDES
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           ${EXTRA_INCLUDES}
+                           )

Step3/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# TODO 1: State that anybody linking to MathFunctions needs to include the
+# current source directory, while MathFunctions itself doesn't.
+# Hint: Use target_include_directories with the INTERFACE keyword
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if (USE_MYMATH)
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              )
+
+  # TODO 7: Link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# TODO 6: Link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags

Step3/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step3/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x);
+}

Step3/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "mysqrt.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  double result = x;
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step3/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step3/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step3/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step4/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# TODO 1: Update the minimum required version to 3.15
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# TODO 2: Create helper variables to determine which compiler we are using:
+# * Create a new variable gcc_like_cxx that is true if we are using CXX and
+#   any of the following compilers: ARMClang, AppleClang, Clang, GNU, LCC
+# * Create a new variable msvc_cxx that is true if we are using CXX and MSVC
+# Hint: Use set() and COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID
+
+# TODO 3: Add warning flag compile options to the interface library
+# tutorial_compiler_flags.
+# * For gcc_like_cxx, add flags -Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused
+# * For msvc_cxx, add flags -W3
+# Hint: Use target_compile_options()
+
+# TODO 4: With nested generator expressions, only use the flags for the
+# build-tree
+# Hint: Use BUILD_INTERFACE
+
+# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
+# to the source code
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )

Step4/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# create the MathFunctions library
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if (USE_MYMATH)
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)

Step4/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step4/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x);
+}

Step4/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "mysqrt.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  double result = x;
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step4/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step4/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step4/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step5/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
+# to the source code
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# TODO 3: Install Tutorial in the bin directory
+# Hint: Use the TARGETS and DESTINATION parameters
+
+# TODO 4: Install TutorialConfig.h to the include directory
+# Hint: Use the FILES and DESTINATION parameters
+
+# TODO 5: Enable testing
+
+# TODO 6: Add a test called Runs which runs the following command:
+# $ Tutorial 25
+
+# TODO 7: Add a test called Usage which runs the following command:
+# $ Tutorial
+# Make sure the expected output is displayed.
+# Hint: Use the PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION property with "Usage.*number"
+
+# TODO 8: Add a test which runs the following command:
+# $ Tutorial 4
+# Make sure the result is correct.
+# Hint: Use the PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION property with "4 is 2"
+
+# TODO 9: Add more tests. Create a function called do_test to avoid copy +
+# paste. Test the following values: 4, 9, 5, 7, 25, -25 and 0.0001.

Step5/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if (USE_MYMATH)
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# TODO 1: Create a variable called installable_libs that is a list of all
+# libraries we want to install (e.g. MathFunctions and tutorial_compiler_flags)
+# Then install the installable libraries to the lib folder.
+# Hint: Use the TARGETS and DESTINATION parameters
+
+# TODO 2: Install the library headers to the include folder.
+# Hint: Use the FILES and DESTINATION parameters

Step5/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step5/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x);
+}

Step5/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "mysqrt.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  double result = x;
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step5/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step5/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step5/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step6/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
+# to the source code
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# add the install targets
+install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
+install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
+  DESTINATION include
+  )
+
+# TODO 1: Replace enable_testing() with include(CTest)
+# enable testing
+enable_testing()
+
+# does the application run
+add_test(NAME Runs COMMAND Tutorial 25)
+
+# does the usage message work?
+add_test(NAME Usage COMMAND Tutorial)
+set_tests_properties(Usage
+  PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number"
+  )
+
+# define a function to simplify adding tests
+function(do_test target arg result)
+  add_test(NAME Comp${arg} COMMAND ${target} ${arg})
+  set_tests_properties(Comp${arg}
+    PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+# do a bunch of result based tests
+do_test(Tutorial 4 "4 is 2")
+do_test(Tutorial 9 "9 is 3")
+do_test(Tutorial 5 "5 is 2.236")
+do_test(Tutorial 7 "7 is 2.645")
+do_test(Tutorial 25 "25 is 5")
+do_test(Tutorial -25 "-25 is (-nan|nan|0)")
+do_test(Tutorial 0.0001 "0.0001 is 0.01")

Step6/CTestConfig.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+set(CTEST_PROJECT_NAME "CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_NIGHTLY_START_TIME "00:00:00 EST")
+
+set(CTEST_DROP_METHOD "http")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE "my.cdash.org")
+set(CTEST_DROP_LOCATION "/submit.php?project=CMakeTutorial")
+set(CTEST_DROP_SITE_CDASH TRUE)

Step6/MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+add_library(MathFunctions MathFunctions.cxx)
+
+# state that anybody linking to us needs to include the current source dir
+# to find MathFunctions.h, while we don't.
+target_include_directories(MathFunctions
+                           INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+                           )
+
+# should we use our own math functions
+option(USE_MYMATH "Use tutorial provided math implementation" ON)
+if (USE_MYMATH)
+  target_compile_definitions(MathFunctions PRIVATE "USE_MYMATH")
+
+  # library that just does sqrt
+  add_library(SqrtLibrary STATIC
+              mysqrt.cxx
+              )
+
+  # link SqrtLibrary to tutorial_compiler_flags
+  target_link_libraries(SqrtLibrary PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+  target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PRIVATE SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+
+# link MathFunctions to tutorial_compiler_flags
+target_link_libraries(MathFunctions PUBLIC tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# install libs
+set(installable_libs MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+if(TARGET SqrtLibrary)
+  list(APPEND installable_libs SqrtLibrary)
+endif()
+install(TARGETS ${installable_libs} DESTINATION lib)
+# install include headers
+install(FILES MathFunctions.h DESTINATION include)

Step6/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+#  include "mysqrt.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x)
+{
+// which square root function should we use?
+#ifdef USE_MYMATH
+  return detail::mysqrt(x);
+#else
+  return std::sqrt(x);
+#endif
+}
+}

Step6/MathFunctions/MathFunctions.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+double sqrt(double x);
+}

Step6/MathFunctions/mysqrt.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "mysqrt.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+// a hack square root calculation using simple operations
+double mysqrt(double x)
+{
+  if (x <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  double result = x;
+
+  // do ten iterations
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+    if (result <= 0) {
+      result = 0.1;
+    }
+    double delta = x - (result * result);
+    result = result + 0.5 * delta / result;
+    std::cout << "Computing sqrt of " << x << " to be " << result << std::endl;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+}
+}

Step6/MathFunctions/mysqrt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace mathfunctions {
+namespace detail {
+double mysqrt(double x);
+}
+}

Step6/TutorialConfig.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// the configured options and settings for Tutorial
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR@
+#define Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR @Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR@

Step6/tutorial.cxx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// A simple program that computes the square root of a number
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "MathFunctions.h"
+#include "TutorialConfig.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    // report version
+    std::cout << argv[0] << " Version " << Tutorial_VERSION_MAJOR << "."
+              << Tutorial_VERSION_MINOR << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " number" << std::endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // convert input to double
+  const double inputValue = std::stod(argv[1]);
+
+  const double outputValue = mathfunctions::sqrt(inputValue);
+
+  std::cout << "The square root of " << inputValue << " is " << outputValue
+            << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}

Step7/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
+
+# set the project name and version
+project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
+
+# specify the C++ standard
+add_library(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE)
+target_compile_features(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
+
+# add compiler warning flags just when building this project via
+# the BUILD_INTERFACE genex
+set(gcc_like_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,ARMClang,AppleClang,Clang,GNU,LCC>")
+set(msvc_cxx "$<COMPILE_LANG_AND_ID:CXX,MSVC>")
+target_compile_options(tutorial_compiler_flags INTERFACE
+  "$<${gcc_like_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-Wall;-Wextra;-Wshadow;-Wformat=2;-Wunused>>"
+  "$<${msvc_cxx}:$<BUILD_INTERFACE:-W3>>"
+)
+
+# configure a header file to pass some of the CMake settings
+# to the source code
+configure_file(TutorialConfig.h.in TutorialConfig.h)
+
+# add the MathFunctions library
+add_subdirectory(MathFunctions)
+
+# add the executable
+add_executable(Tutorial tutorial.cxx)
+
+target_link_libraries(Tutorial PUBLIC MathFunctions tutorial_compiler_flags)
+
+# add the binary tree to the search path for include files
+# so that we will find TutorialConfig.h
+target_include_directories(Tutorial PUBLIC
+                           "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
+                           )
+
+# add the install targets
+install(TARGETS Tutorial DESTINATION bin)
+install(FILES "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/TutorialConfig.h"
+  DESTINATION include
+  )
+
+# enable testing
+include(CTest)
+
+# does the application run
+add_test(NAME Runs COMMAND Tutorial 25)
+
+# does the usage message work?
+add_test(NAME Usage COMMAND Tutorial)
+set_tests_properties(Usage
+  PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "Usage:.*number"
+  )
+
+# define a function to simplify adding tests
+function(do_test target arg result)
+  add_test(NAME Comp${arg} COMMAND ${target} ${arg})
+  set_tests_properties(Comp${arg}
+    PROPERTIES PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION ${result}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+# do a bunch of result based tests
+do_test(Tutorial 4 "4 is 2")
+do_test(Tutorial 9 "9 is 3")
+do_test(Tutorial 5 "5 is 2.236")
+do_test(Tutorial 7 "7 is 2.645")
+do_test(Tutorial 25 "25 is 5")
+do_test(Tutorial -25 "-25 is (-nan|nan|0)")
+do_test(Tutorial 0.0001 "0.0001 is 0.01")