Antialiasing plus camera abstraction

README.md

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
 
 
 
-### Original author Post: https://raytracing.github.io/books/RayTracingInOneWeekend.html#overview
+### Original author Post: https://raytracing.github.io/books/RayTracingInOneWeekend.html

src/camera.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "rtweekend.h"
+
+class camera{
+    public:
+        camera(){
+             auto aspect_ratio = 16.0 / 9.0;
+             auto viewport_height = 2.0;
+             auto viewport_width = aspect_ratio * viewport_height;
+             auto focal_length = 1.0;
+
+            origin = point3(0,0,0);
+            horizontal = vec3(viewport_width, 0, 0);
+            vertical = vec3(0, viewport_height, 0);
+            lower_left_corner = origin - horizontal/2 - vertical/2 - vec3(0,0,focal_length);
+        }
+
+        ray get_ray(double u, double v) const {
+            return ray(origin, lower_left_corner + u * horizontal + v*vertical - origin);
+        }
+
+        private:
+            point3 origin;
+            point3 lower_left_corner;
+            vec3 horizontal;
+            vec3 vertical;
+};

src/color.h

@@ -3,10 +3,21 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 
-void write_color(std::ostream& out, color pixel_color){
-    // Write the translated [0, 255] value of each color component
+void write_color(std::ostream& out, color pixel_color, int samples_per_pixel){
+    auto r = pixel_color.x();
+    auto g = pixel_color.y();
+    auto b = pixel_color.z();
 
-    out << static_cast<int>( 255.999 * pixel_color.x()) << ' '
-    << static_cast<int> ( 255.999 * pixel_color.y()) << ' '
-    << static_cast<int> ( 255.999 * pixel_color.z()) << '\n';
+    // Divide the color by the number of samples
+    auto scale = 1.0 / samples_per_pixel;
+    r *= scale;
+    g *= scale;
+    b *= scale;
+
+
+    
+    // Write the translated [0, 255] value of each color component
+    out << static_cast<int>( 256 * clamp(r, 0.0, 0.9999)) << ' '
+    << static_cast<int> ( 256 * clamp(g, 0.0, 0.9999)) << ' '
+    << static_cast<int> ( 256 * clamp(b, 0.0, 0.9999)) << '\n';
 }

src/program.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "rtweekend.h"
 
+#include "camera.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "hittable_list.h"
 #include "sphere.h"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ int main ()
     const auto aspect_ratio = 16.0 /9.0;
     const int image_width = 400;
     const int image_height = static_cast<int>(image_width /aspect_ratio);
+    const int samples_per_pixel = 100; 
 
     // World 
     hittable_list world;
@@ -32,14 +34,7 @@ int main ()
 
 
     // Camera
-    auto viewport_height = 2.0;
-    auto viewport_width = aspect_ratio * viewport_height;
-    auto focal_length = 1.0;
-
-    auto origin = point3(0,0,0);
-    auto horizontal = vec3(viewport_width, 0, 0);
-    auto vertical = vec3(0, viewport_height, 0);
-    auto lower_left_corner = origin - horizontal/2 - vertical/2 - vec3(0,0,focal_length);
+    camera cam;
 
     // Render
     std::cout<< "P3\n" << image_width << ' ' << image_height << "\n255\n";
@@ -48,11 +43,15 @@ int main ()
         std::cerr << "\rScanlines remaining: " << j << ' ' << std::flush;
         for(int i = 0; i < image_width; ++i)
         {
-            auto u = double(i) / (image_width-1);
-            auto v = double(j) / (image_height-1);
-            ray r(origin, lower_left_corner+u*horizontal + v* vertical -origin);
-           color pixel_color = ray_color(r, world);
-           write_color(std::cout , pixel_color);
+          color pixel_color(0,0,0);
+          for(int s = 0; s < samples_per_pixel; ++s){
+            auto u = (i + random_double()) / (image_width-1);
+            auto v = (j + random_double()) / (image_height-1);
+            ray r = cam.get_ray(u,v);
+            pixel_color += ray_color(r, world);
+          }
+
+          write_color(std::cout, pixel_color, samples_per_pixel);
         }
     }
 

src/rtweekend.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <limits>
 #include <memory>
+#include <cstdlib>
 
 // Usings
 using std::shared_ptr;
@@ -19,6 +20,20 @@ inline double degrees_to_radians(double degrees){
     return degrees * pi / 180.0;
 }
 
+inline double random_double(){
+    return rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0);
+}
+
+inline double random_double(double min, double max){
+    return min + (max-min)*random_double();
+}
+
+inline double clamp(double x, double min, double max){
+    if(x < min) return min;
+    if(x > max) return max;
+    return x;
+}
+
 // Common Headers
 #include "ray.h"
 #include "vector3.h"