Merge into main the new state of the operating system/kernel #1

Open
Nigel wants to merge 120 commits from dev into main
19 changed files with 290 additions and 123 deletions
Showing only changes of commit 50bf952a49 - Show all commits

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@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ OFILES = $(OBJ_DIR)/boot.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/atapiDevice.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/ataDevice.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/rsdp.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/acpi.o
$(OBJ_DIR)/acpi.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/fat.o
OBJ_LINK_LIST = $(CRTI_OBJ) $(CRTBEGIN_OBJ) $(OFILES) $(CRTEND_OBJ) $(CRTN_OBJ)
INTERNAL_OBJS = $(CRTI_OBJ) $(OFILES) $(CRTN_OBJ)
@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ $(OBJ_DIR)/atapiDevice.o:
$(CPP) -c storage/atapi/atapiDevice.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/atapiDevice.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(OBJ_DIR)/ataDevice.o:
$(CPP) -c "storage/ata pio/ataDevice.cpp" -o $(OBJ_DIR)/ataDevice.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(CPP) -c "storage/ata pio/ATAPIO.cpp" -o $(OBJ_DIR)/ataDevice.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(OBJ_DIR)/rsdp.o:
$(CPP) -c acpi/rsdp.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/rsdp.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ $(OBJ_DIR)/pit.o:
$(CPP) -c drivers/pit/pit.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/pit.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(OBJ_DIR)/VFS.o:
$(CPP) -c storage/vfs/VFS.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/VFS.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(CPP) -c storage/vfs/vfs.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/VFS.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(OBJ_DIR)/keyboard.o:
$(CPP) -c drivers/ps-2/keyboard.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/keyboard.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
@ -117,6 +118,9 @@ $(OBJ_DIR)/prekernel.o:
$(OBJ_DIR)/processor.o:
$(CPP) -c i386/processor.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/processor.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
$(OBJ_DIR)/fat.o:
$(CPP) -c storage/filesystems/FAT/FAT.cpp -o $(OBJ_DIR)/fat.o $(CFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
# Assembly -> Object files
$(OBJ_DIR)/boot.o:
$(AS) boot/boot.s -o $(OBJ_DIR)/boot.o

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@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
#include "terminal/kterm.h"
#include "interrupts/idt.h"
#include "serial.h"
#include "storage/vfs/VFS.h"
#include "../CoreLib/Memory.h"
#include "storage/vfs/vfs.h"
extern "C" void LoadGlobalDescriptorTable();
extern "C" void jump_usermode();
extern BootInfoBlock* BIB;
extern "C" void kernel ()
{
@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ extern "C" void kernel ()
init_serial();
kterm_init();
setup_tss();
initGDT();
initidt();
@ -41,12 +40,33 @@ extern "C" void kernel ()
pit_initialise();
ACPI::initialize();
//PCI::Scan();
PCI::Scan();
processor::initialize();
processor::enable_protectedMode();
printf("Boot device: 0x%x\n", BIB->bootDeviceID);
unsigned int part3 = BIB->bootDeviceID & 0xFF;
unsigned int part2 = (BIB->bootDeviceID & 0xFF00) >> 8;
unsigned int part1 = (BIB->bootDeviceID & 0xFF0000) >> 16;
unsigned int drive = (BIB->bootDeviceID & 0xFF000000) >> 24;
if (drive == 0x80 )
printf("booted from disk!\n");
if(drive == 0x00)
printf("booted from floppy disk\n");
printf("Part1: %d, Part2: %d, Part3: %d\n", part1, part2 , part3);
VirtualFileSystem::initialize();
// Try and open hello.txt file
VirtualFileSystem::OpenFile("a:hello.txt");
// Try and open grub.cfg file
VirtualFileSystem::OpenFile("a:boot/grub/grub.cfg");
#ifdef USERMODE_RELEASE
// Lets jump into user mode

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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
#define CHECK_FLAG(flags, bit) ((flags) & (1 <<(bit)))
#define VADDR_TO_PADDR(vaddr) (vaddr - 0xC0000000)
#define PADDR_TO_VADDR(paddr) (paddr + 0xC0000000)
multiboot_info_t* global_mbi;
BootInfoBlock* BIB;
extern "C" void prekernelSetup ( unsigned long magic, multiboot_info_t* mbi)
{
@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ extern "C" void prekernelSetup ( unsigned long magic, multiboot_info_t* mbi)
}
mbi = PADDR_TO_VADDR(mbi);
global_mbi = mbi;
// Setup the physical memory manager immmediatly
// Doing so saves the complications of doing it later when
@ -82,13 +81,14 @@ extern "C" void prekernelSetup ( unsigned long magic, multiboot_info_t* mbi)
}
// allocate a full block for the other boot info!
BootInfoBlock* BIB = (BootInfoBlock*) allocate_block();
BIB = (BootInfoBlock*) allocate_block();
/* is boot device valid ? */
if (CHECK_FLAG (mbi->flags, 1))
{
BIB->bootDeviceID = mbi->boot_device;
} else{
BIB->bootDeviceID = 0x11111111;
}

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
#include "ataDevice.h"
#include "ATAPIO.h"
#include "../../io/io.h"
#define IS_BIT_SET(x, bit) ((x >> bit & 0x1) == 1)
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ void ATAPIO::Write(uint16_t data, DEVICE_DRIVE dev){
}
void ATAPIO::Identify(uint16_t DEVICE_CHANNEL,DEVICE_DRIVE drive ){
bool ATAPIO::Identify(ATAPIO_PORT DEVICE_CHANNEL, DEVICE_DRIVE drive ){
// lets ignore which port we actually want to check for now !
/*
@ -125,12 +125,11 @@ void ATAPIO::Identify(uint16_t DEVICE_CHANNEL,DEVICE_DRIVE drive ){
// Select the target drive
outb(DEVICE_CHANNEL | 6, drive); // on the primary bus select the master drive
outb(DEVICE_CHANNEL | 6 , 0x0); // write 0 to the controlport for some reason
outb(DEVICE_CHANNEL | 6, drive);
uint8_t status = inb(DEVICE_CHANNEL | 7 );
if(status == 0x00){
printf("No drive\n");
return;
return false;
}
// send the identify command;
outb(DEVICE_CHANNEL | 7, 0xEC);
@ -153,7 +152,7 @@ void ATAPIO::Identify(uint16_t DEVICE_CHANNEL,DEVICE_DRIVE drive ){
uint8_t status2 = inb(DEVICE_CHANNEL | 7);
if( status2 == 0x00){
printf("No drive\n");
return;
return false;
}
//printf("Waiting until ready...\n");
@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ void ATAPIO::Identify(uint16_t DEVICE_CHANNEL,DEVICE_DRIVE drive ){
if( status2 & 0x01){
printf("Error!\n");
return ;
return false;
}
uint16_t deviceIdentify [256] = {0};
@ -182,17 +181,17 @@ void ATAPIO::Identify(uint16_t DEVICE_CHANNEL,DEVICE_DRIVE drive ){
kterm_put((char)(deviceIdentify[i] & 0x00FF));
}
kterm_put('\n');
return true;
}
void ATAPIO::Soft_Reset(uint8_t DEVICE_CHANNEL,DEVICE_DRIVE drive){
void ATAPIO::Soft_Reset(ATAPIO_PORT DEVICE_CHANNEL, DEVICE_DRIVE drive){
printf("Soft reseting drive...\n");
// outb(channels[DEVICE_CHANNEL].base + 7 , 0x4);
outb(DEVICE_CHANNEL + 7 , 0x4);
// wait a bit..
for(int i = 0 ; i < 1000000; i++){
asm volatile("NOP");
}
//outb(channels[DEVICE_CHANNEL].base + 7 , 0x0);
outb(DEVICE_CHANNEL + 7 , 0x0);
}

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@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
#include "../ide/ideCommands.h"
#include "../ide/sampleIDE.definitions.h"
#include "../../devices/BlockDevice.h"
#include "../../terminal/kterm.h"
/*
@ -19,7 +17,7 @@ enum DEVICE_DRIVE{
};
enum BUS_PORT {
enum ATAPIO_PORT {
Primary = 0x1f0,
Secondary = 0x170
};
@ -29,10 +27,10 @@ enum BUS_PORT {
class ATAPIO
{
public:
static void Identify(uint16_t, DEVICE_DRIVE);
static bool Identify(ATAPIO_PORT, DEVICE_DRIVE);
static void Read (uint16_t, DEVICE_DRIVE, uint32_t, uint16_t*);
static void Write(uint16_t, DEVICE_DRIVE);
static void Soft_Reset(uint8_t ,DEVICE_DRIVE );
static void Soft_Reset(ATAPIO_PORT , DEVICE_DRIVE );
};

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@ -1,20 +1,40 @@
//
// Created by nigel on 21/02/23.
//
#include "FAT.h"
#include "../../ata pio/ATAPIO.h"
#include "../../../memory/KernelHeap.h"
#include <CoreLib/Memory.h>
void FAT::Read()
void FAT::Read(PFILE file, unsigned char* buffer , unsigned int length)
{
}
void FAT::Open()
FILE FAT::Open(char* filename)
{
char* tokstate = NULL;
char* nextdir = strtok(filename, "/", &tokstate);
while (nextdir)
{
// Read the root directory
printf("First entry to look for: %s\n", nextdir);
nextdir = strtok(NULL, "/", &tokstate);
}
FILE file;
file.flags = FS_INVALID;
return file;
}
void FAT::Write()
void FAT::Write(PFILE file, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned int length)
{
}
@ -28,9 +48,17 @@ void ParseDateInteger(unsigned int date){
}
BiosParameterBlock* getBPB(MBR* mbr, bool DEBUG =false ){
BiosParameterBlock* getBPB(PTR_PARTITION partition, bool DEBUG =false ){
BiosParameterBlock* bpb = (BiosParameterBlock*) malloc(sizeof(BiosParameterBlock));
ATA_DEVICE::Read(BUS_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, mbr->TableEntries[0].LBA_partition_start, (uint16_t*) bpb);
ATAPIO_PORT port = (ATAPIO_PORT)(partition->Disk & 0x01FF);
DEVICE_DRIVE drive = (DEVICE_DRIVE)(partition->Disk >> 16);
printf("ATAPIO_PORT: 0x%x DEVICE_DRIVE: 0x%x\n",port, drive);
printf("Partition Start Address (LBA): 0x%x\n", partition->StartAddress);
ATAPIO::Read(ATAPIO_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, partition->StartAddress, (uint16_t*) bpb);
if(DEBUG)
{
@ -44,15 +72,37 @@ BiosParameterBlock* getBPB(MBR* mbr, bool DEBUG =false ){
printf("Sectors per FAT: %d\n", bpb->NumberOfSectorsPerFAT);
}
return bpb;
}
uint16_t* ReadFAT (BiosParameterBlock& bpb , MBR& mbr, bool DEBUG = false ) {
uint32_t FATAddress = mbr.TableEntries[0].LBA_partition_start + bpb.ReservedSectors ;
bool FAT::Validate(PTR_PARTITION partition )
{
auto* bootParams = getBPB(partition, true);
if(bootParams->OEM_id) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
void FAT::Info(_PARTITION *pPartition, PFS pSystem) {
pSystem->Read = FAT::Read;
pSystem->Write = FAT::Write;
pSystem->Open = FAT::Open;
}
uint16_t* ReadFAT (BiosParameterBlock& bpb , PTR_PARTITION partition, bool DEBUG = false ) {
uint32_t FATAddress = partition->StartAddress + bpb.ReservedSectors ;
uint16_t* FAT = (uint16_t*)malloc(sizeof (uint16_t) * 256);
ATA_DEVICE::Read(BUS_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, FATAddress, FAT );
ATAPIO_PORT port = (ATAPIO_PORT)(partition->Disk & 0x01FF);
DEVICE_DRIVE drive = (DEVICE_DRIVE)(partition->Disk >> 16);
ATAPIO::Read(port, drive, FATAddress, FAT );
// Show data in terminal
if(DEBUG){
@ -76,7 +126,7 @@ void readFile(uint32_t DataRegion, DirectoryEntry* entry, uint16_t FATentry, Bio
uint16_t dataBlob[256];
ATA_DEVICE::Read(BUS_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, sector, dataBlob);
ATAPIO::Read(ATAPIO_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, sector, dataBlob);
for (unsigned short n: dataBlob) {
kterm_put(n & 0x00ff);
@ -84,7 +134,7 @@ void readFile(uint32_t DataRegion, DirectoryEntry* entry, uint16_t FATentry, Bio
}
kterm_put('\n');
}
/*
void listFilesInRoot(MBR& mbr, BiosParameterBlock& bpb ){
auto FATAddress = mbr.TableEntries[0].LBA_partition_start + bpb.ReservedSectors;
uint32_t RootDirectoryRegion = FATAddress + ( bpb.NumberOfFileAllocationTables * bpb.NumberOfSectorsPerFAT );
@ -265,3 +315,4 @@ FILE fsysFatOpenSubDir(FILE kFile, const char* filename){
file.flags = FS_INVALID;
return file;
}
*/

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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
#include "ExtendBootRecord.h"
#include "BiosParameterBlock.h"
#include "DirectoryEntry.h"
#include "../../vfs/StorageTypes.h"
// Date Format
// [0..4] Day
@ -20,9 +20,17 @@
class FAT {
public:
void Open();
void Read();
void Write();
static bool Validate(PTR_PARTITION partition );
static FILE Open(char* filename);
static void Read(PFILE file, unsigned char* buffer , unsigned int length);
static void Write(PFILE file, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned int length);
static void Info(_PARTITION *pPartition, PFS pSystem);
private:
enum struct TYPE{
FAT,

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@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
#pragma once
#include <stdint-gcc.h>
#include "PartitionTableEntry.h"
#include "../../memory/KernelHeap.h"
#include "../../storage/ata pio/ataDevice.h"
#include "../../../memory/KernelHeap.h"
#include "../../ata pio/ATAPIO.h"
struct MBR {
uint8_t code [440];
uint32_t uniqueID;
uint16_t Reserved;
PartitionTableEntry TableEntries[4];
struct PartitionTableEntry TableEntries[4];
uint16_t ValidBootsector;
}__attribute__((packed));
MBR* getPartitions( bool DEBUG = false){
inline MBR* GetPartitions(bool DEBUG = false){
const int C = 0;
const int H = 0;
const int HPC = 16;
@ -21,10 +21,13 @@ MBR* getPartitions( bool DEBUG = false){
int S =1;
uint32_t LBA = (C*HPC+H) * SPT + (S-1);
MBR* mbr =(MBR*) malloc(sizeof (MBR));
ATAPIO::Read(BUS_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, LBA, (uint16_t*)mbr);
ATAPIO::Read(ATAPIO_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER, LBA, (uint16_t*)mbr);
printf("MBR (In Memory) Address 0x%x, Size = %d\n", mbr, sizeof (MBR));
if(DEBUG){
printf("BootSector: 0x%x\n", mbr->ValidBootsector );
for( int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i ++){

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@ -26,7 +26,15 @@ typedef struct _FILE_SYSTEM{
FILE (*Directory) (const char* Directoryname);
void (*Mount) ();
void (*Read) (PFILE file, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned int length);
void (Close) (PFILE);
FILE (*Open) (const char* filename);
void (*Write)(PFILE file, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned int length);
void (*Close) (PFILE);
FILE (*Open) (char* filename);
}FILESYSTEM, *PFS;
typedef struct _PARTITION {
uint32_t Disk;
uint32_t StartAddress;
uint32_t Sectors;
uint8_t Fs_hint;
uint8_t Attributes;
}PARTITION, *PTR_PARTITION;

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@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
#include "VFS.h"
#include <stdint-gcc.h>
#include "../../memory/KernelHeap.h"
#include <CoreLib/Memory.h>
PFS VirtualFileSystem::_filesystems[VirtualFileSystem::DEVICE_MAX];
void VirtualFileSystem::initialize()
{
}
void VirtualFileSystem::ResolvePath(Path &path)
{
// See reference material (1) https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/path_resolution.7.html
char* string_path = path.str();
void* cpy = string_path;
bool isAbsolutePath = string_path[0] == '/';
if(isAbsolutePath)
{
// strip the first slash
string_path++;
}
char* tokstate = NULL;
char* nextdir = strtok(string_path, "/", &tokstate);
while (nextdir)
{
printf("First entry to look for: %s\n", nextdir);
nextdir = strtok(NULL, "/", &tokstate);
}
free(cpy);
}
void VirtualFileSystem::Mount(PFS filesystemDescriptor, unsigned int DeviceID)
{
if(DeviceID < DEVICE_MAX)
if(filesystemDescriptor)
_filesystems[DeviceID] = filesystemDescriptor;
}
void VirtualFileSystem::Unmount(unsigned int DeviceID) {
if(DeviceID < DEVICE_MAX)
_filesystems[DeviceID] = nullptr;
}

130
kernel/storage/vfs/vfs.cpp Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
#include "vfs.h"
#include <stdint-gcc.h>
#include "../../memory/KernelHeap.h"
#include "../ata pio/ATAPIO.h"
#include "../partitiontables/mbr/MasterBootRecord.h"
#include "../filesystems/FAT/FAT.h"
#include "StorageTypes.h"
#include <CoreLib/Memory.h>
PFS VirtualFileSystem::_filesystems[VirtualFileSystem::DEVICE_MAX];
PTR_PARTITION VirtualFileSystem::_partitions [VirtualFileSystem::PARTITION_MAX];
unsigned int VirtualFileSystem::num_partitions = 0;
void VirtualFileSystem::initialize()
{
// Mount the boot disk
// NOTE: we assume for now that it is the only disk in the system
// This information could possibly be had from the bootloader (GRUB)
// We als assume it is the primary device on the Master port.
ATAPIO::Soft_Reset(ATAPIO_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER);
bool isAvailable = ATAPIO::Identify(ATAPIO_PORT::Primary, DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER);
if(!isAvailable){
// PANIC!!!
printf("Failed to mount root filesystem!\n");
return;
}
auto masterbootrecord = GetPartitions(false);
for (auto partition : masterbootrecord->TableEntries)
{
if(partition.PartitionType == 0x0) continue; // Consider marked as free
PTR_PARTITION found_partition = (PARTITION*) malloc(sizeof(PARTITION));
found_partition->Disk = ATAPIO_PORT::Primary | ( DEVICE_DRIVE::MASTER << 16);
printf("Disk Identifier: 0x%x\n", found_partition->Disk);
found_partition->Attributes = partition.driveAttribute;
found_partition->StartAddress = partition.LBA_partition_start;
found_partition->Sectors = partition.Number_sectors_inPartition;
found_partition->Fs_hint = partition.PartitionType;
VirtualFileSystem::RegisterPartition(found_partition);
}
printf("Found %d partitions on disk!\n", num_partitions);
for (int i = 0; i < num_partitions; i++)
{
auto* partition = _partitions[i];
// Check the fs_hint for a proper driver
if ( partition->Fs_hint != 0x06){
printf("Assumed Unkown filesystem!\n");
continue;
}
// Check if filesystem OK
printf("Partition Start Address (LBA): 0x%x\n", partition->StartAddress);
bool valid = FAT::Validate(partition);
if(!valid)
{
printf("Not a valid FAT fs!\n");
continue;
}
// setup FileSystem Description before mounting
PFS FS_FAT = (PFS)malloc(sizeof(FILESYSTEM));
FAT::Info(partition, FS_FAT);
// Mount the partition/filesystem
Mount(FS_FAT , i);
}
};
void VirtualFileSystem::RegisterPartition(PTR_PARTITION partition) {
_partitions[num_partitions] = partition;
num_partitions++;
}
FILE VirtualFileSystem::OpenFile(const char* path)
{
// See reference material (1) https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/path_resolution.7.html
unsigned char device = 'a';
char* filename = (char*)path;
char* cpy = filename;
if(filename[1] == ':'){
device = filename[0];
filename += 2;
}
if ( _filesystems[device - 'a']){
// Unfortunately this way the FAT Driver doesn't know which device and which partition to read from
// leaving us hopeless of finding the file.
FILE file = _filesystems[device-'a']->Open(filename);
file.device = device;
free(cpy);
return file;
}
free(cpy);
FILE file;
file.flags = FS_INVALID;
return file;
}
void VirtualFileSystem::Mount(PFS filesystemDescriptor, unsigned int DeviceID)
{
if(DeviceID < DEVICE_MAX)
if(filesystemDescriptor)
_filesystems[DeviceID] = filesystemDescriptor;
}
void VirtualFileSystem::Unmount(unsigned int DeviceID) {
if(DeviceID < DEVICE_MAX)
_filesystems[DeviceID] = nullptr;
}

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@ -8,10 +8,13 @@
static void initialize();
static void Mount(PFS fs, unsigned int DeviceID);
static void Unmount(unsigned int DeviceID);
static void ResolvePath(Path& path);
static FILE OpenFile(const char* path);
static void RegisterPartition(PTR_PARTITION partition);
private:
static const unsigned int DEVICE_MAX = 26;
static const unsigned int PARTITION_MAX = 4 * DEVICE_MAX;
static PFS _filesystems[DEVICE_MAX];
static unsigned int num_partitions;
static PTR_PARTITION _partitions [PARTITION_MAX];
};

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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
#include "superVisorTerminal.h"
#include "../storage/ata pio/ataDevice.h"
#include "../partitiontable/mbr/MasterBootRecord.h"
#include "../filesystem/FAT/BiosParameterBlock.h"
#include "../filesystem/FAT/DirectoryEntry.h"
#include "../storage/ata pio/ATAPIO.h"
#include "../storage/partitiontables/mbr/MasterBootRecord.h"
#include "../storage/filesystems/FAT/BiosParameterBlock.h"
#include "../storage/filesystems/FAT/DirectoryEntry.h"
bool isRunning = true;
extern "C" void startSuperVisorTerminal()

23
scripts/create_harddrive.sh Normal file → Executable file
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@ -9,11 +9,8 @@
echo "Building a FAT16 filesystem"
su
# dd if=/dev/zero of=diks.img bs=512 count=131072
# fdisk disk.img
dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=512 count=131072
fdisk disk.img
# Use the following options in fdisk (Format Disk Tool)
# We want to create a MBR (NOT GPT) Partition table containing 1 logical disk
# with a primary FAT16 partition marked bootable
@ -42,23 +39,23 @@ su
# w
# Create a "block" device from the disk.img
# losetup /dev/loop9 disk.img
losetup /dev/loop9 disk.img
# Format the partition on the disk as FAT16
# mkdosfs -F16 /dev/loop9
mkdosfs -F16 /dev/loop9
# Mount the disk to a folder on our dev machine
# mount /dev/loop9 /mnt
mount /dev/loop9 /mnt
# Install the grub bootloader onto the disk
# grub-install --no-floppy --modules="normal multiboot" /dev/loop9 --target=i386-pc --boot-directory=/mnt/boot --force
grub-install --no-floppy --modules="normal multiboot" /dev/loop9 --target=i386-pc --boot-directory=/mnt/boot --force
# copy the necessary OS files
# cp root/boot/myos.bin /mnt/boot/myos.bin
# cp root/boot/grub/grub.cfg /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg
cp root/boot/myos.bin /mnt/boot/myos.bin
cp root/boot/grub/grub.cfg /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg
# Unmount the device
# umount /mnt
umount /mnt
# Destroy the loop device
# losetup -d /dev/loop9
losetup -d /dev/loop9